As we know ethanol and water forms azeotropes and it is not possible to produce anhydrous alcohol by simple distillation process. So, due to this azeotrope formation we can purify ethanol up to 89 mole% only. Therefore, to get anhydrous alcohol we require different techniques like hydrophilic molecular sieves or azeotropic distillation. In this article […]
Process Simulation of Anhydrous Alcohol Plant Read More »
In chemical process industries, we come across certain mixtures where separation is impossible or difficult by simple distillation. This type of mixtures we know by the name of azeotropic mixture. Other than this, if relative volatility of the mixture is close to 1.0, in the cases when components boiling points are very close, then also
Azeotropic Distillation Process for Ethanol Dehydration Read More »
As we all know shell & tube heat exchanger is the equipment, which we use to exchange heat between two streams available at different temperature. In this type of exchanger, one side we know as shell side and other we call the tube side. In a heat exchanger heat transfer between streams can be of
Process Data Sheet – Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger Read More »
Agitated Reactors are most widely used reactors in our Chemical Process Industries. We can operate this reactor in batch, semi-batch and continuous mode. When we use this reactor in continuous mode is also know as CSTR or continuous stirred tank reactor. However, we use these reactors mostly in batch & semi-batch operations for the production
Process Data Sheet – Agitated Reactor Read More »
In chemical process industries we can see various types of columns. We use these columns for different unit operations like distillation, absorption, stripping, extraction and reaction also. Any column is a vertical cylindrical vessel having internals inside to enhance the contact surface area between phases. These phases can be liquid-gas, liquid-vapor, liquid-liquid. During process design
Data Sheets for Distillation Column Read More »
In chemical process industries we use vessels for handling fluids. This fluid can be liquid, solid, gas or combination of these. We need vessels for many purposes like, feeding or dozing, holding the material, collection of material, separation of the material, etc. Based on the process requirements the geometry and orientation of these vessels can
Vessel Specification Sheet (PDS) Read More »
This article is about understanding the process of a molten salt heating system. Before this let us discuss different types of heating systems, which we use in our chemical industries. In our chemical plants, we need to heat exchange at various temperature levels. These temperature levels can be low, in the range of 50 –
Molten Salt Heating System Read More »
You can see in many processes; we use thermic fluid to maintain the reaction temperature. In reactor jacket or coil thermic fluid circulates to maintain required temperature conditions. For, efficient reactor operation automation and controls of the reactor is very important. Moreover, same thermic fluid system you can use for reactor heating & cooling requirements
Automation and Controls for Batch Reactor Read More »
In chemical process industries we use Fired Heater or Furnace to supply the heat at higher temperature levels. When I say high level, it means around greater than 500 0C. As we know other sources of heat supply are boiler, thermic fluid heater and molten salt heating systems. Out of these boiler and thermic fluid
Fired Heater Process Calculations and Automation Read More »
In many chemical manufacturing processes, ammonia is used as a reactant and generally we feed it in excess than theoretical required. After reaction part of the ammonia reacts and unconverted ammonia comes out from the reactor with product. For the economic feasibility and moreover environmental pollution abatement we need to recover this unconverted ammonia. Therefore,
Process Design Calculations for Ammonia Absorber Read More »
